By: Muhammad Asif
Below are the some of the Common Terminologies with a short definition generally used in development sector:-
Sex and gender
- Sex
refer to the biological difference between men and women, which are universal
and do not change.
- Gender means roles and responsibilities assigns by the society for
men and women.
Participation
Involvement
of the stake holders in decision making and planning is Participation.
Communication
An
approach of conveying message, involvement of the people and relation building
is communication.
Mobilization
Convincing
or awareness of the people in a specific matter or particular direction is
mobilization.
Awareness
Differentiation
between good and bad deeds is awareness.
Sustainability
Survival
against vulnerability is sustainability.
Vulnerability
Vulnerability
is a complex set of interrelated factors and conditions which affect the
ability of the community to prevent mitigate and prepare for or respond to
hazard events. These are also weakness present in individuals, households and
the community.
- Social vulnerability
- Economical vulnerability
- Physical vulnerability.
Equity and
Equality
Rights
according to the need is equity. A general right of every one is equality.
Capacity
Building
Knowledge,
skills, resources, abilities present in individuals, households and the the
community which enable them to survive and recover in the society.
Quality and
Quantity
Effectiveness
and Efficiency makes quality.
· Having efficiency but lack of effectiveness.
Contaminated
Water
Mixture
of illusions in water.
Preparedness
To
be ready for all the events.
Prevention
Use
of particular techniques to overcome, or to control the hazards.
Measurement
To
check, to verify, or to search.
Reduction
To
control over or to resolve the problems partially.
Marginalized
Dependable,
who can’t survive without the help of the others?
Accountability
Measurement
of quality and quantity is accountability.
Communicable
disease
This
spread from one person to the other.
Fecal oral
diseases
Diseases
due to faces and urine.
Water borne
diseases
Diseases
due to contaminated and stagnant water.
Vector borne
diseases
Diseases
due to some type of insects.
Attitude and
Behaviors
Verbal
action or reaction of some one is behavior.
· Practical action or reaction of some one is attitude.
Waste
Substances or
objects which are disposed of or are intended
· To
be disposed of or are required to be disposed of by the provisions of the law.
Disposal means
Any
operation which may lead to resource recovery, recycling,
reclamation, direct re-use or alternative
uses.
Morbidity
Morbidity is another word for saying sickness.
Mortality
Mortality
is another word for saying Death.
Cholera
Cholera
is a severe type of diarrhea, which can cause rapid dehydration and death. It
is characterized by `rice watery stools and or
vomiting.
Diarrhea
The
WHO defines diarrhea as the production of at least three loose or watery
stools in a day.
Dysentery
· Dysentery
is a type of diarrhea which is accompanied with blood and/or mucus in a stool.
Infelicity
A
disease is said to endemic when it usually occurs in the population. There are
varying levels of endemic:
Hypoendemic
Little
transmission, malaria does not affect the general population significantly
(spleen rate in children aged 2-9 year in less then 10%)
Mesenteric
Typically
found in rural communities with varying intensity of transmission (spleen rate
in children 11-50%)
Hyperendemic
Areas
with intense but seasonal transmission where immunity is insufficient to
prevent effect of malaria in all age groups (spleen rate in children constantly
more then 50% and in adult more then 25%)
Holoendemic
Areas
with perennial high-degree transmission producing considerable immunity in all
age groups, particularly adults (spleen rate in children constantly more then
75%, but low spleen rate in adults)
Epidemic
The
occurrence in a community or region of cases of an illness with a frequency
clears in excess of what would normally be expected.
Falciparum
malaria
Malaria
is caused by a bite from a female anopheles mosquito infected with the
plasmodium parasite. This plasmodium parasite can be one of four different
species: plasmodium vivax, ovale, malaria or falciparum. The latter is
responsible for fou Different species
Typhus
Is a
disease transmitted by the faces of contaminated lice through cuts or abrasions
in the skin
DNCA
DNCA is
abbreviation Of “Damages, Needs and capacities Assessment is the participatory
Analysis” of the disaster event, of the damage it caused of the immediate needs
and priorities of the affected community, and the remaining capacities people
use to cope with the obverse effect.
Monitoring
Monitoring
is the Ongoing, systematic collection and analysis of information Relating
to the progress of work.
Evaluation
Evaluation can
cover a very broad area and may be considered as a kind of research into
programme, its usually tries to asses impact as well as examining whether a
project has been cost effective and efficient.
Assessment
Impact
assessment attempts to determine whether significant or lasting changes in the
lives of poor people have occurred as a result of project activities.
Presentation
A
presentation is an activity conducted by a resource person to
convey information, theories or principals. To present lecture to
some involvement of the learner through questions and discussion.
Small group
discussion
A
small group discussion is an activity that allows learners to share their
experience and ideas or to solve a problem.
Rapid
Assessment
Collecting
data for proposal writing and to provide a baseline for monitoring is a team
activity that must be planned and carried out by the whole team and
managed by the project manager
Community
Mobilization
Community
mobilization is a strategy for involving communities in TAKING ACTION to
achieve a particular goal.
Effectiveness
Effectiveness
is defined as the extent to which a specific intervention producer , regimen or
service, when deployed under field conditions, does what it is intended to do.
Technical
Efficiency
The
extent to which the choice and utilization of input resources produces a
specific health output, intervention,or a service at the lowest cost.
Target
In
the context of planning target refers to:
· The
group, the population, the age bracket (the target group) for which the plan is
being prepared.
The
number of activities that have to be carried out to achieve a (target
number)given outcome or objective
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